The sensitivity of the biosensor can be further increased either by incorporating more AChE-bearing cells per test reaction unit or by using cells engineered with more potent AChE isoforms. The assay is rapid with a total duration of 3 min at a competitive cost. Based on the observed patterns of response, we demonstrate that the sensor can be used for the qualitative and, in some concentrations, quantitative detection of organophosphates in different substrates with satisfactory reproducibility and sensitivity, with a limit of detection at least equal to the official Limit of Detection (LOQ). The pesticides in the samples inhibited the activity of cell membrane-bound acetylcholinesterase (AChE), thus causing a measurable membrane depolarization in the presence of achetylcholine (Ach). The sensor was applied for the detection of a mixture of two organophosphate pesticides, diazinon and chlorpyrifos in two different substrates (tomato, orange). ![]() ![]() Two different cell types were used, derived either by animal (neuroblastoma) or plant cells (tobacco protoplasts). This study presents the construction of a rapid and sensitive cellular biosensor test based on the measurement of changes of the cell membrane potential of immobilized cells, according to the working principle of the Bioelectric Recognition Assay (BERA). Although their analytical determinations are quite feasible with various conventional methods, there is a lack of efficient screening methods, which will facilitate the rapid, high-throughput detection of organophosphates in different food commodities. Organophosphates belong to the most important pesticides used in agricultural practice worldwide. Keywords: Bioelectric Recognition Assay (BERA) Matrix Effects N2a Cells Organophosphates Tobacco Protoplasts Received Novemrevised Decemaccepted January 8, 2013 This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ![]() 1Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, GreeceĢLaboratory of Food Quality Control and Hygiene, Faculty of Food Science & Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, GreeceĮmail: © 2013 Kelly Lokka et al.
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